• spoken in the Southern Sudan
• member of the Nilo-Shaharan language family
• 2–3 million speakers
• five dialects
• growing émigré community in Edmonton

Typological features

• tonal language with thirteen vowel phonemes distinguishing a variety of phonation types
• makes heavy use of vowel mutation in its morphology

PI: Kristina Geeraert

Map source: Verney, P., et al. (1995). Sudan: Conflict and minorities.